Class Structure and Social Mobility in Poland by Kazimierz M. Slomczynski & Tadeusz K. Krauze

Author:Kazimierz M. Slomczynski & Tadeusz K. Krauze [Slomczynski, Kazimierz M. & Krauze, Tadeusz K.]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Political Science, General
ISBN: 9781351711647
Google: NXBQDwAAQBAJ
Goodreads: 36811801
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 1980-08-01T00:00:00+00:00

In each cohort the arithmetic mean score for present position is higher than the analogous measure referring to the position held during the period of first employment. These differences range from 2.5 to 5.8 points and are rather moderate. They signify, however, that in all cohorts the sum of displacements to higher positions is greater than the sum of displacements to lower positions, which can be interpreted as a predominance of upward mobility. On the average the persons who began employment in the postwar period, 1946-55, advanced the most. These respondents had 10-20 years of work experience and were generally 30-40 years old. As to be expected, these persons were at the peak of their occupational careers.

The smallest average advancement is to be found in the case of respondents who began work either before 1946 or in the years 1956-60. It is probable that the former reached the ceiling of their occupational possibilities even earlier and at present show some tendency to downward mobility; however, the others still have this ceiling before them. In any case, a more penetrating analysis of the results should also take into account the variables of age and duration of employment.8

There is more difference between cohorts in average present positions than in their average starting positions. This greater intercohort differentiation of present position shows not only the effect of age and work qualification but also of historical conditions surrounding the start and development of careers. On the average the highest positions were achieved by those who began their first job between 1951 and 1955. Thus at a time of considerable social mobility, the advancement of this whole group was relatively rapid, for by 1960 their average score was already 49.9, only 0.2 less than it was in 1955.

Using this hierarchy of socio-occupational groups, upward mobility processes affected from 24.4% to 35.6% of the respondents depending on the period of initial employment. Of this sample, 51.1-59.0% are stable individuals, i.e., those who remained in their original socio-occupational group. Thus downward processes of mobility are small.

Let us now proceed to the regression analysis. The data

Table 2

Present Socio-occupational Position (O) Regressed on Socio-occupational Status during First Employment (P)

Items measured Period of beginning initial employment

before 1946 1946-50 1951-55 1956-60

Arithmetic mean, Ō 48.3 49.8 51.6 49.6

Arithmetic mean, P¯ 44.2 44.6 45.8 46.7

Standard deviation, So 23.1 24.4 26.1 27.0

Standard deviation, Sp 22.8 25.1 26.8 26.9

Constant, a 18.7 18.0 16.0 11.3

Slope of the regression line, bop 0.603 0.700 0.778 0.851

Correlation coefficient, rop 0.597 0.719 0.798 0.847

Explained variance O, in % 35.6 51.7 63.7 71.7

a (1–bop) 46.4 64.0 79.1 75.3

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